Predictive factors for short gastric vessels division during laparoscopic total fundoplication.

OBJECTIVE: to determine clinical variables that can predict the need for division of the short gastric vessels (SGV), based on the gastric fundus tension, assessing postoperative outcomes in patients submitted or not to section of these vessels. METHODS: we analyzed data from 399 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The section of the SGV was performed according to the surgeon evaluation, based on the fundus tension. Patients were divided into two groups: not requiring SGV section (group A) or requiring SGV section (group B). RESULTS: the section was not necessary in 364 (91%) patients (Group A) and required in 35 (9%) patients (Group B). Group B had proportionally more male patients and higher average height. The endoscopic parameters were worse for Group B, with larger hiatal hernias, greater hernias proportion with more than four centimeters, more intense esophagitis, higher proportion of Barrett's esophagus and long Barrett's esophagus. Male gender and grade IV-V esophagitis were considered independent predictors in the multivariate analysis. Transient dysphagia and GERD symptoms were more common in Group B. CONCLUSION: the division of the short gastric vessels is not required routinely, but male gender and grade IV-V esophagitis are independent predictors of the need for section of these vessels.

Predictive factors for short gastric vessels division during laparoscopic total fundoplication / Fatores preditivos da necessidade de secção dos vasos gástricos curtos nas fundoplicaturas totais videolaparoscópicas

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical variables that can predict the need for division of the short gastric vessels (SGV), based on the gastric fundus tension, assessing postoperative outcomes in patients submitted or not to section of these vessels. METHODS:We analyzed data from 399 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The section of the SGV was performed according to the surgeon evaluation, based on the fundus tension. Patients were divided into two groups: not requiring SGV section (group A) or requiring SGV section (group B). RESULTS:The section was not necessary in 364 (91%) patients (Group A) and required in 35 (9%) patients (Group B). Group B had proportionally more male patients and higher average height. The endoscopic parameters were worse for Group B, with larger hiatal hernias, greater hernias proportion with more than four centimeters, more intense esophagitis, higher proportion of Barrett's esophagus and long Barrett's esophagus. Male gender and grade IV-V esophagitis were considered independent predictors in the multivariate analysis. Transient dysphagia and GERD symptoms were more common in Group B. CONCLUSION:The division of the short gastric vessels is not required routinely, but male gender and grade IV-V esophagitis are independent predictors of the need for section of these vessels.

OBJETIVO: Determinar variáveis clínicas que possam predizer a necessidade de secção dos vasos gástricos curtos (VGC), baseado na tensão do fundo gástrico, avaliando os resultados pós-operatórios em pacientes submetidos ou não à secção destes vasos. MÉTODOS:Foram analisados os dados de 399 pacientes consecutivos submetidos à fundoplicatura total laparoscópica para a doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE). A secção dos VGC foi realizada de acordo com a avaliação do cirurgião, baseado na tensão do fundo gástrico. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos: sem necessidade de secção dos VGC (grupo A) ou com necessidade de secção dos VGC (grupo B). RESULTADOS:A secção não foi necessária em 364 (91%) pacientes (Grupo A) e necessária em 35 (9%) pacientes (Grupo B). O Grupo B tinha proporcionalmente mais pacientes do sexo masculino e maior estatura média. Os parâmetros endoscópicos foram piores para o Grupo B, com maiores hérnias hiatais, maior proporção de hérnias com mais de quatro centímetros, esofagite mais intensa, maior proporção de esôfago de Barrett e esôfago de Barrett longo. O sexo masculino e as esofagites graus IV-V foram considerados fatores preditivos independentes na análise multivariada. A disfagia transitória e os sintomas de DRGE foram mais comuns no Grupo B. CONCLUSÃO:A secção dos vasos gástricos curtos não é necessária rotineiramente, porém o sexo masculino e as esofagites graus IV-V são fatores preditivos independentes da necessidade da secção destes vasos.

Dysphagia after laparoscopic total fundoplication: anterior or posterior gastric wall fundoplication?

CONTEXT: The occurrence of severe dysphagia after laparoscopic total fundoplication is currently an important factor associated with loss of quality of life in patients undergoing this modality of treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease. OBJECTIVES: Compare the incidence and evaluate the causes of severe postoperative dysphagia in patients undergoing laparoscopic total fundoplication (LTF) without short gastric vessels division, using the anterior gastric wall (Rossetti LTF) or anterior and posterior gastric walls (Nissen LTF). METHODS: Analysis of the data of 289 patients submitted to LTF without short gastric vessels division from January 2004 to January 2012, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Patients were divided in Group 1 (Rossetti LTF - n = 160) and Group 2 (Nissen LTF - n = 129). RESULTS: The overall incidence of severe postoperative dysphagia was 3.11% (4.37% in group 1 and 1.55% in group 2; P = 0.169). The need for surgical treatment of dysphagia was 2.5% in group 1 and 0.78% in group 2 (= 0.264). Distortions of the fundoplication were identified as possible causes of the dysphagia in all patients taken to redo fundoplication after Rossetti LTF. No wrap distortion was seen in redo fundoplication after Nissen LTF. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of severe postoperative dysphagia did not differ on the reported techniques. Only Rossetti LTF was associated with structural distortion of the fundoplication that could justify the dysphagia.

DYSPHAGIA AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC TOTAL FUNDOPLICATION: anterior or posterior gastric wall fundoplication? / Disfagia após fundoplicatura total laparoscópica: válvula com a parede gástrica anterior ou posterior?

Context The occurrence of severe dysphagia after laparoscopic total fundoplication is currently an important factor associated with loss of quality of life in patients undergoing this modality of treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objectives Compare the incidence and evaluate the causes of severe postoperative dysphagia in patients undergoing laparoscopic total fundoplication (LTF) without short gastric vessels division, using the anterior gastric wall (Rossetti LTF) or anterior and posterior gastric walls (Nissen LTF). Methods Analysis of the data of 289 patients submitted to LTF without short gastric vessels division from January 2004 to January 2012, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Patients were divided in Group 1 (Rossetti LTF – n = 160) and Group 2 (Nissen LTF – n = 129). Results The overall incidence of severe postoperative dysphagia was 3.11% (4.37% in group 1 and 1.55% in group 2; P = 0.169). The need for surgical treatment of dysphagia was 2.5% in group 1 and 0.78% in group 2 (= 0.264). Distortions of the fundoplication were identified as possible causes of the dysphagia in all patients taken to redo fundoplication after Rossetti LTF. No wrap distortion was seen in redo fundoplication after Nissen LTF. Conclusions The overall incidence of severe postoperative dysphagia did not differ on the reported techniques. Only Rossetti LTF was associated with structural distortion of the fundoplication that could justify the dysphagia. .

Contexto A ocorrência de disfagia grave após fundoplicatura total laparoscópica representa atualmente um importante fator associado à perda da qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos a esta modalidade de tratamento para doença do refluxo gastroesofágico. Objetivos Comparar a incidência e avaliar as possíveis causas da disfagia grave pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos à fundoplicatura total laparoscópica (FTL) sem liberação dos vasos gástricos curtos utilizando apenas a parede gástrica anterior (FTL à Rossetti) ou as paredes gástricas anterior e posterior (FTL à Nissen). Métodos Análise de dados de 289 pacientes submetidos à FTL sem liberação dos vasos gástricos curtos no período de janeiro de 2004 a janeiro de 2012, com acompanhamento mínimo de 6 meses. Os pacientes foram divididos em Grupo 1 (FTL à Rossetti – n = 160) e Grupo 2 (FTL à Nissen – n = 129). Resultados A incidência global de disfagia grave pós-operatória foi de 3,11%, sendo 4,37% no grupo 1 e 1,55% no grupo 2 (P = 0.169). A necessidade de tratamento cirúrgico da disfagia foi de 2,5% no grupo 1 e 0,78% no grupo 2 (P = 0.264). Em todos os pacientes reoperados após FTL à Rossetti foram observadas distorções das válvulas que podem responder pela ocorrência de disfagia, ao passo que no paciente submetido à reoperação após FTL à Nissen nenhuma alteração foi observada. Conclusões A incidência global de disfagia grave pós-operatória não apresentou diferença entre as duas técnicas relatadas. A FTL à Rossetti foi associada a distorções estruturais das válvulas que podem justificar a disfagia, fato não observado após FTL à Nissen. .

Outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in patients with manometric patterns of esophageal motility disorders.

The manometric pattern of either diffuse esophageal spasm (DES), nutcracker esophagus (NE), or hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter (HLES) in the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is considered a secondary finding and treatment should be directed toward GERD. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) in patients with manometric patterns of esophageal motility disorders. Patients with GERD confirmed by pH monitoring and manometric pattern of DES (simultaneous contractions 20 to 90% of wet swallows), NE (increased mean distal amplitude greater than 180 mmHg), or HLES (lower esophageal sphincter pressure greater than 45 mmHg) who underwent LNF were studied. A group of 50 consecutive patients with normal esophageal motility who underwent LNF were used as control subjects. Groups were comparable to control subjects for age, gender, preoperative symptoms, hiatal hernia, and Barrett's esophagus, except for NE that had younger individuals and a lower rate of hiatal hernia. Symptomatic outcome was similar when groups were compared with control subjects. Transient dysphagia was present in the postoperative period in 33, 7, 0, and 20 per cent of the patients with HLES, DES, NE, and control subjects, respectively. LNF is an adequate treatment for patients with GERD and manometric patterns of esophageal motility disorders.